Perpetual Defense Thread (Defense & non-commercial Space Nerds ITT)

Chuckstar

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hahahahaha yeah LM will run to congress about that and that threat will mean nothing.
Depends on the nature of the situation. A GMLRS user (or group of them) might have ways of putting pressure on the U.S. to have it then pressure LM to cooperate. It's basically most of NATO, after all. (And by "pressure", I'm imagining a horse-trade of some type. You get LM to allow GMLRS integration, and we'll join this weapon development program you want us to join.)

But the most likely way a non-LM launcher would end up with GMLRS integration might just be financial incentive to LM. Could be simply a licensing payment, some government(s) offering to buy a bunch more missiles if they can be fired from the Elbit system, or some government(s) offering to buy something else from LM on that condition.

There's some max value to LM of keeping the monopoly on GMLRS launchers. Anyone offering more than that could almost certainly get LM to integrate it on anything they want. (Note: I have no idea what that dollar amount might represent, but I'll bet some people at LM have strong opinions about it.)
 

Barmaglot

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Dude the entire thing of Elbits claim is based on the fact that the design of the armature means it can fit the MFOM (M270 Family Of Missiles) pods, that's it. They measured the pods and added leeway so it could fit all the pods.
Elbit manufactures Romach (AccuLAR-122) guided missiles that are fired out of IDF M270s, using appropriate pods, so I would guess that they have a bit more experience integrating the systems than just measuring the pods.
 

Hangfire

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Elbit manufactures Romach (AccuLAR-122) guided missiles that are fired out of IDF M270s, using appropriate pods, so I would guess that they have a bit more experience integrating the systems than just measuring the pods.
It doesn't matter, it's not their fucking tech. Do you not get that?

If they reversed it, then it's in breach of ITAR, the German End User license agreement and a whole bunch of US secrecy laws and IP laws too. Does Israel operate GMLRS? No, so how did they access that tech to reverse it? Hmm?

The second they demonstrate that capability then they're in for a world of shit.

Depends on the nature of the situation. A GMLRS user (or group of them) might have ways of putting pressure on the U.S. to have it then pressure LM to cooperate. It's basically most of NATO, after all. (And by "pressure", I'm imagining a horse-trade of some type. You get LM to allow GMLRS integration, and we'll join this weapon development program you want us to join.)

But the most likely way a non-LM launcher would end up with GMLRS integration might just be financial incentive to LM. Could be simply a licensing payment, some government(s) offering to buy a bunch more missiles if they can be fired from the Elbit system, or some government(s) offering to buy something else from LM on that condition.

There's some max value to LM of keeping the monopoly on GMLRS launchers. Anyone offering more than that could almost certainly get LM to integrate it on anything they want. (Note: I have no idea what that dollar amount might represent, but I'll bet some people at LM have strong opinions about it.)
M270's are being produced at 96 a year. Tell me why LM should give a fuck?
 

Hangfire

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First and foremost, I want to sincerely apologize for my recent actions. Understandably, you are upset, and I completely recognize the impact of my behaviour. Clearly, I made a mistake and I regret any pain I may have caused. Know that I am committed to making amends and ensuring this does not happen again.

Your feelings are entirely valid here, and I value keeping the atmosphere on ArsTechnica open to debate. Obviously, I need to work on my actions and be more considerate in the future. Ultimately, I hope we can move past this and rebuild trust.
 

Hangfire

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Speak for yourself. It's possible to be knowledgeable and entertaining without being an asshole. The schtick gets old after a while.
It's possible to do that, but asking why LM should give a fuck isn't being an asshole in my book. It's a genuine question, why should LM give a single flying fuck about what Elbit wants? Everyone wants their missiles and they're easily producing enough launchers to scale so why should they care one single iota about a competitor? Well?

If Elbit KNDS says they can do it anyway then the Dutch, the Germans and the Israelis can all happily meet Congress and explain why Title 22 U.S. Code § 2778 doesn't apply to them, or how they the Germans or Israelis broke their end user license agreement in such a spectacular fashion. Which I'd already pointed out in an earlier post.

But hey you seem to have an opinion on this? How should I have phrased it then?
 
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Barmaglot

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It doesn't matter, it's not their fucking tech. Do you not get that?

If they reversed it, then it's in breach of ITAR, the German End User license agreement and a whole bunch of US secrecy laws and IP laws too. Does Israel operate GMLRS? No, so how did they access that tech to reverse it? Hmm?
Israel ordered GMLRS rockets in 2016.
 

KD5MDK

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If Elbit KNDS says they can do it anyway then the Dutch, the Germans and the Israelis can all happily meet Congress and explain why Title 22 U.S. Code § 2778 doesn't apply to them, or how they the Germans or Israelis broke their end user license agreement in such a spectacular fashion
I just want to understand what is and isn't covered by anti-tamper and ITAR. I thought Anti-Tamper was applied to the munition, not as much the launch platform.
If I legally buy an M270, if I put any round in it that isn't LM branded I've violated ITAR? Or just the end user license agreement? (Have you seen it? I'd expect any country with an active defense industry to try and get some custom terms at least)
Even if it just launches itself when an electrical voltage is applied to a connection? The mere existence of an interface board between a M270 and say a M-21OF 122mm rocket in a sleeve is a violation?
Does this also apply to iron bombs attached to a F-16?

According to Wikipedia, Israel is already producing 2 munitions launched from a local variant of the M270 "Menatetz", and there are official German and British munitions as well. So if they have an existing license, how is this different?
 

Chuckstar

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It's possible to do that, but asking why LM should give a fuck isn't being an asshole in my book. It's a genuine question, why should LM give a single flying fuck about what Elbit wants? Everyone wants their missiles and they're easily producing enough launchers to scale so why should they care one single iota about a competitor? Well?

If Elbit KNDS says they can do it anyway then the Dutch, the Germans and the Israelis can all happily meet Congress and explain why Title 22 U.S. Code § 2778 doesn't apply to them, or how they the Germans or Israelis broke their end user license agreement in such a spectacular fashion. Which I'd already pointed out in an earlier post.

But hey you seem to have an opinion on this? How should I have phrased it then?
I never said LM should care what Elbit wants. They should very much care what the militaries they sell weapons to want and/or are willing to pay for.

If you were more interested in reading my comment than lashing out against it, maybe you would have noticed the distinction.
 

Hangfire

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I never said LM should care what Elbit wants. They should very much care what the militaries they sell weapons to want and/or are willing to pay for.

If you were more interested in reading my comment than lashing out against it, maybe you would have noticed the distinction.
again Lockheed Martin doesn't have to care, because what the militaries want is the MFOM missiles and guess what? LM are the sole supplier of them. If Elbit KNDS wants to sell something else they can develop their own. You didn't read what I said either if we're playing that game.

1. Elbit KNDS reverse engineered TS clearance and ITAR restricted tech or
2. Someone at LM leaked TS clearance and ITAR restricted tech to the Israelis or the Dutch.
3. The German Government would have shown to have violated their end-user license with the US Gov in letting this kinda tech get leaked/reverse engineered.

Add the Dutch and Israeli governments onto point 3 too. ITAR is fun. ITAR means jail time or getting locked out or freezing of diplomatic relations and getting kicked out of programs (Do you remember what happened when Turkey bought the S-400s and them getting kicked out of the F-35 program and getting put at the bottom of the list on getting new F-16's? That's just from buying a competing weapon system, not even close to as bad as an ITAR violation). If the Israelis and Europeans wanted to develop their own rocket artillery this is something they should have done over 15 years ago.
 

Hap

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I just want to understand what is and isn't covered by anti-tamper and ITAR. I thought Anti-Tamper was applied to the munition, not as much the launch platform.
It applies to anything the US government considers sensitive. I personally have not seen AT on a launcher, but I have seen it on a lot of systems other than munitions.
 
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Honestly if I am going to make a new tactical rocket launcher system, I would start with a square Launcher Loader canister of 30 inches inside dimensions. Can single load anything until 26 inches body diameter missile, quad pack anything for 14 inches body diameter (Harpoon, SM-2s), shoots 9 of 10-inches class (ESSM, AMRAAM, GMLRS), and a whole load of 5 inches rockets. Make standard Launcher Loader 3 and 5 meters in length, up to 5000 kilograms payload weight, to make it a universal rocket launcher.
 

Chuckstar

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again Lockheed Martin doesn't have to care, because what the militaries want is the MFOM missiles and guess what? LM are the sole supplier of them. If Elbit KNDS wants to sell something else they can develop their own. You didn't read what I said either if we're playing that game.
if LM doesn’t have to care what their customers want, then I guess they are in the one industry where that is true. 🤷

EDIT: Not claiming one just gives customers anything the ask for, but note that my original post stated that I would expect LM to get value in return if they allowed Elbit to Integrate GMLRS — based on their understanding of the value they’d be giving up by doing so.
 
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Barmaglot

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Ok, but ordering munitions doesn't give you rights or the ability to build munitions that use that interface.
But Elbit/IMI has been building munitions that use the same interface to launch from IDF M270s (RAMAM/TCS, Romach, Ra'am Eitan) for decades now, and nobody raised a stink. Perhaps it is not actually such a huge issue as you think it is?
 

Barmaglot

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If the Israelis and Europeans wanted to develop their own rocket artillery this is something they should have done over 15 years ago.
Are you perhaps under another mistaken assumption, this time that the Kotesh/Lynx/PULS system doesn't have guided rounds of its own and thus requires the American GMLRS to function? I assure you, nothing could be further from the truth.
 
The other thing is that I'm not sure Russia even counts as a near peer adversary anymore. The looming threat now is China, and I'm even less sure that a 130mm gun is what's called for in the Taiwan Strait.
The US has no Peer adversary . There is not a country on Earth capable of the movement of troops and equipment thousands of miles like the US.
 

Hangfire

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But Elbit/IMI has been building munitions that use the same interface to launch from IDF M270s (RAMAM/TCS, Romach, Ra'am Eitan) for decades now, and nobody raised a stink. Perhaps it is not actually such a huge issue as you think it is?
Are you perhaps under another mistaken assumption, this time that the Kotesh/Lynx/PULS system doesn't have guided rounds of its own and thus requires the American GMLRS to function? I assure you, nothing could be further from the truth.
Are you familiar with how tech share and end user licensing works in the arms industry?

Also if anyone wanted to buy those things then why is Elbit pushing MFOM as a pitch for PULS? Why aren't they pushing their own gear? To the Europeans because... wait for it, it sucks in comparison.
 
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Hap

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But Elbit/IMI has been building munitions that use the same interface to launch from IDF M270s (RAMAM/TCS, Romach, Ra'am Eitan) for decades now, and nobody raised a stink. Perhaps it is not actually such a huge issue as you think it is?
The message interface isn’t the same, but what the hell do I know
 

KD5MDK

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Also if anyone wanted to buy those things then why is Elbit pushing MFOM as a pitch for PULS? Why aren't they pushing their own gear? To the Europeans because... wait for it, it sucks in comparison.
I would assume it's because they already have MFOM in their inventory and this is a way to avoid stranding that inventory / standardize on a single launch platform. That's the customer appeal.
The other question is if LM doesn't feel any interest to be bought off on this particular topic, does that mean buying from RTX or Kongsberg or Hanwha a more reliable long term vendor for other purchases?
 
Naval news reports Precision Strike Missile has been used for sinking ships during Valiant Shield exercise. Given the target (LPD-7) was being used as other munition targets, it is highly questionable how much movement the ship was at the moment being shot by PrSM. Ship bobbing around due to wave action is also moving.

The article also has a Lockheed Martin illustration of the missile. Being a 17-inches diameter and 156 inches long, it will fit into a Mk 41 canister with room to spare. That length begs for a booster rocket, and the diameter means a Mk-57 canister (Zumwalt etc) will certainly able to quad-pack those. For Mk-41 canister it will be a tight fit.
 

Barmaglot

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Are you familiar with how tech share and end user licensing works in the arms industry?
No; would you care to enlighten me?

Also if anyone wanted to buy those things then why is Elbit pushing MFOM as a pitch for PULS? Why aren't they pushing their own gear? To the Europeans because... wait for it, it sucks in comparison.
Please demonstrate how it 'sucks in comparison' with specific examples. I'm guessing you have personal experience with all the systems involved and can go beyond manufacturers' spec sheets? Because if we just go by spec sheets, I can point out how US manufacturers, when called upon to reduce the dud rate on the submunitions carried by M26/M30 rockets to below 1% to meet congressional mandate, threw up their hands, said it can't be done, and rolled out unitary warheads instead, whereas IMI, responding to a similar request from Israel's government, produced Ra'am Eitan, which claims a <0.1% dud rate on its submunitions.
 

Chuckstar

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No; would you care to enlighten me?


Please demonstrate how it 'sucks in comparison' with specific examples. I'm guessing you have personal experience with all the systems involved and can go beyond manufacturers' spec sheets? Because if we just go by spec sheets, I can point out how US manufacturers, when called upon to reduce the dud rate on the submunitions carried by M26/M30 rockets to below 1% to meet congressional mandate, threw up their hands, said it can't be done, and rolled out unitary warheads instead, whereas IMI, responding to a similar request from Israel's government, produced Ra'am Eitan, which claims a <0.1% dud rate on its submunitions.
IIRC, the U.S. made an argument that dependency interactions among multiple fuses would likely result in wasted effort, so instead tried to just make a more reliable single fuse. The Israelis just went ahead and used four fuses, for quadruple redundancy.

That’s obviously a dramatic simplification of the whole thing, but does describe the different high-level approaches, I believe.
 
Naval news reports Precision Strike Missile has been used for sinking ships during Valiant Shield exercise. Given the target (LPD-7) was being used as other munition targets, it is highly questionable how much movement the ship was at the moment being shot by PrSM. Ship bobbing around due to wave action is also moving.

SINKEX target ships have no operating systems and have all fuels and other potential contaminants removed, so they're put under tow when they need to act as moving targets.
 

pauli

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In which Lockheed Martin continues to be Lockheed Martin.

The Compact Agile Interceptor aims to pack multiple small diameter missiles into one Mark 41 VLS cell while keeping high-end performance capability to intercept ‘complex raids’ of hypersonic threats. The addition of a compact interceptor would add a third missile to the U.S. Navy’s inventory capable of dealing with hypersonic threats, coming in behind the 13.5 inch (0.34 m) SM-6 Dual I/II and 21-inch (0.53 m) SM-6 Block IB.
This is sensible. VLS is a fixed size, but the more you can fit into that grid, the better.
A leading contender for the CAI program–and a missile that has already been tested in a virtualized Aegis environment–is Lockheed Martin’s Patriot Advanced Capability 3 Missile Segment Enhancement (PAC-3 MSE).
Good choice; these work well.
PAC-3 MSE’s diameter is roughly 11.4 inches (29 cm), a little over half the diameter of a common missile canister used in Mark 41 VLS cells. Despite the smaller diameter, Lockheed Martin told Naval News at Sea Air Space 2023 (SAS) that the intention was to leave the missile largely unchanged for integration work, ending the possibility of dual-packing missiles for the time being.
LM, that's not what the job calls for...
PAC-3 MSE alone does not meet program requirements unless Lockheed Martin modifies the control surfaces to fold inside the Mark 41 VLS cell. Doing so would allow the missiles to dual-pack inside each Mark 41 VLS cell, doubling the magazine capacity. That added capacity is a critical requirement for missiles in the Compact Agile Interceptor program.
Critical requirement.

Tom Cavanaugh of Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control discussed this with Naval News at SAS 2023:

“If you begin to modify the design of the missile into a missile gap, and that’s cost prohibitive at some point. We’d rather invest in the development of the capability we have today to support the Navy and the Army at the same time. So I think that’s the best approach from there rather than redesigning the missile.”
Hopefully someone has talked some sense into him by now. PAC-3 MSE is good, but if only one fits in a cell and the contract is for two in a cell, you just might miss that sale in your quest for a one-size-fits-all production line.
 
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Hap

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I am not a fan of MFC, their mode of operations is throw shit against a wall and if it sticks - then you have your solution. If not, then iterate.

Note: That approach absolutely has its place, but on complex weapon systems it leads to more expense as you repeatedly go down dead end paths. A modicum of engineering is called for first IMO.
 

Chuckstar

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In which Lockheed Martin continues to be Lockheed Martin.


This is sensible. VLS is a fixed size, but the more you can fit into that grid, the better.

Good choice; these work well.

LM, that's not what the job calls for...

Critical requirement.


Hopefully someone has talked some sense into him by now. PAC-3 MSE is good, but if only one fits in a cell and the contract is for two in a cell, you just might miss that sale in your quest for a one-size-fits-all production line.
LM is probably hoping the Navy would cave and want to buy it even at one per cell. They may be right, in the sense of not letting the perfect be the enemy of the good. We all know how often the U.S. military’s wish lists either crater programs or at least make them way more expensive than originally envisioned.

EDIT: Considering the two steps to making PAC-3 fireable in two-per-cell version from an Aegis are to (1) integrate it electronically and (2) make it work physically in two-per-cell configuration, one could even argue that getting it to work with no physical changes to the missile first is a much lower risk approach. I often find myself thinking that the military should work in incremental step-wise fashion in weapons development, more often than they actually do.
 
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The problem is that the Navy has plenty of SM-6s with better performance than PAC-3 MSE. What they don't have is enough Mk41 cells. Replacing SM-6 with PAC-3 MSE doesn't buy them anything except a less performant missile in each cell and some potential added flexibility in availability of reloads. Two missiles with PAC-3 MSE performance in each cell is a desirable trade as it would both let the Navy stretch the supply of the multi-purpose ultra-long range SM-6 (which is also capable as an anti-ship missile) and provide more magazine depth to counter hypersonic missile saturation attacks. PAC-3 MSE has already been demonstrated launching from a Mk41 and integrating with Aegis|AN/SPY-1|AN/SPY-6, there's nothing more to learn there. I'm all for pushing back on Big Navy gold-plating requirements, but if LockMart thinks proposing to replace SM-6 one-for-one is going to be a winning move, then they need to get their head out of their collective ass.
 

Hangfire

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In which Lockheed Martin continues to be Lockheed Martin.


This is sensible. VLS is a fixed size, but the more you can fit into that grid, the better.

Good choice; these work well.

LM, that's not what the job calls for...

Critical requirement.


Hopefully someone has talked some sense into him by now. PAC-3 MSE is good, but if only one fits in a cell and the contract is for two in a cell, you just might miss that sale in your quest for a one-size-fits-all production line.
There's some interesting talk about stacking missiles too with cold launch systems... The idea being you can get more payload via that for the lower flight ceiling engagement targets. This isn't about PAC-3 or any specific systems just spitballing ideas in increasing the lifespan and utility of the Mark 41s
 
There's some interesting talk about stacking missiles too with cold launch systems... The idea being you can get more payload via that for the lower flight ceiling engagement targets. This isn't about PAC-3 or any specific systems just spitballing ideas in increasing the lifespan and utility of the Mark 41s
So, a scaled up Metal Storm but with missiles instead of slugs?
 

pauli

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A pair of the Army’s next-generation rotary-wing engines were delivered to Lockheed Martin’s Sikorsky ahead of integration into the UH-60M Black Hawk utility helicopter, the company announced.
Wait, they're actually making progress on this?
The Improved Turbine Engine Program engine, developed by General Electric’s aerospace division, has experienced a slew of delays related to technology development and supply chain woes. A year ago, the Army predicted a nearly two-year delay getting the T901 engine into the UH-60.
Slowly but surely, I guess.
The T901 engine will replace the 1970s-era T700 and provide aircraft with a 50% power increase to restore performance. It’s 25% improved fuel consumption reduces energy usage and carbon emissions. The engine is also expected to have more durable components, which will lower life-cycle costs.
Hopefully it can deliver.

Over in Europe, a press release: https://www.navalnews.com/naval-new...-first-ship-trial-campaign-with-italian-navy/

From 3-12 April, the AW609 AC4 aircraft, fully representative of the final production configuration, performed demonstration trials relocating from Leonardo’s facility based in Cascina Costa (Samarate) to Maristaer Grottaglie Naval Base. The tiltrotor, with test pilots and flight test engineers from Leonardo (supported by Italian Navy personnel for the embarked operations), took off from the base inbound from the Italian aircraft carrier (ITS CAVOUR – Navy Fleet Flagship), 20 nm offshore, showing its effective approach, stable deck landing, and touchdown capabilities.

It's weird to see someone else going after a tilt rotor, in a world where they can look at how Osprey development and deployment have gone.
 

Technarch

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It's weird to see someone else going after a tilt rotor, in a world where they can look at how Osprey development and deployment have gone.

True, but when Osprey isn't crashing it has range and speed specs that no other VTOL aircraft can match. And perhaps a clean-sheet tiltrotor can avoid some of the design flaws of the Osprey, like the bad clutch design or the extremely high rotor disc loading or the need to aim the engine exhaust directly at the ground at point blank range.

Also the Osprey has a bit of an unfair rap--on a per-flight-hour basis it's way safer than a Blackhawk.