Perpetual DIY thoughts, musings, learnings, and small projects

Wheels Of Confusion

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Can anyone point me in the direction of how to power two light sockets off of a single cord?

Long story short: I’m refurbishing two antique lamp bodies. One is a standard Aladdin that needs to be converted to electric. The second is a double student lamp like this that’s already been electrified.

I’ve electrified/reworked a lot of the former, but nothing like the latter. I’m hesitant to just replace/follow the existing wiring, because I’ve seen some scary stuff in electrified antiques. The existing wiring might be correct, but I’d like to check it against something professional.

Google is coming up short, but that’s probably in part just me lacking the correct terminology.

It will probably power two 40w equivalent LED bulbs (maybe 25w), so the actual power draw should be minimal.
Big "Here's how I'd do it" post bellow the fold:

If possible, I recommend gutting the wiring and doing your own to keep it simple, AND make sure you get it correct. Get some lamp cord, 16 gauge stranded wiring in white and black, and get some connectors that can handle multiple wires (conductors) at a time. Make sure you have a way to pull pairs of wires through the lamp body, too. You may be able to tie a pull-string to the ends of your old wiring and use it to pull the new wiring through (common technique done when installing network wiring in a building).

Wire the sockets in parallel. That means splitting the hot and the neutral into two branches, each branch going to a lamp socket. To steal someone else's picture:

main-qimg-265aaeb89a5b7a2630b44c59619fe519-lq


Here's my rough rules-of-thumb, specific to US implementations (not familiar with other countries' conventions):
Hot connects to the smooth side of the lamp cord, with the skinnier blade of the plug if it has one. On the lamp socket, it connects to the brass-colored screw on the lamp socket.
Neutral is the ribbed side of the lamp cord (if present), and attaches to the gray-colored screw in the lamp socket and the fat blade on the plug.
But with a lot of older appliances and lamps, the plugs aren't polarized and the wiring isn't color-coded or smooth/ribbed differentiated. You can safely replace all that wiring if you want, from the plug to the sockets. If you do your own wiring on the inside, use black for hot/positive and white for neutral/negative.
Just remember that black = hot = brass = skinny and white = neutral = gray = fat.

If you have the room to work with them, you want mechanical wire connects for things that are going on mains power even if they're only powering commodity LED bulbs. Don't solder if you can help it, it makes everything more work.
I vastly prefer lever nuts over other types of connectors because they're simple, fast, and reversible. They typically come in 2-conductor, 3-conductor, and 5-conductor varieties. The go-to brand is WAGO, but Ideal also makes perfectly good ones that might be more available locally.
If you're only branching the incoming power 2 ways (e.g. to two sockets), you just need some 3-conductor lever nuts. If your socket fixture has pigtails (attached wires to make connections from instead of screw terminals) you might want some 2-conductor or inline butt connectors also.


If you can't pull the old wiring, you may be able to trace it with a multimeter in "continuity" mode. The center (at the inside bottom) of a lamp socket should be the "hot" wire and the metal screw collar the bulb goes into should be the "neutral." If you use a multimeter and put one probe on the center middle of the socket, try touching the other probe to the other end of the wires and see which one gives you a beep. Label that end as your hot. Etc.
 
Big "Here's how I'd do it" post bellow the fold:

If possible, I recommend gutting the wiring and doing your own to keep it simple, AND make sure you get it correct. Get some lamp cord, 16 gauge stranded wiring in white and black, and get some connectors that can handle multiple wires (conductors) at a time. Make sure you have a way to pull pairs of wires through the lamp body, too. You may be able to tie a pull-string to the ends of your old wiring and use it to pull the new wiring through (common technique done when installing network wiring in a building).

Wire the sockets in parallel. That means splitting the hot and the neutral into two branches, each branch going to a lamp socket. To steal someone else's picture:

main-qimg-265aaeb89a5b7a2630b44c59619fe519-lq


Here's my rough rules-of-thumb, specific to US implementations (not familiar with other countries' conventions):
Hot connects to the smooth side of the lamp cord, with the skinnier blade of the plug if it has one. On the lamp socket, it connects to the brass-colored screw on the lamp socket.
Neutral is the ribbed side of the lamp cord (if present), and attaches to the gray-colored screw in the lamp socket and the fat blade on the plug.
But with a lot of older appliances and lamps, the plugs aren't polarized and the wiring isn't color-coded or smooth/ribbed differentiated. You can safely replace all that wiring if you want, from the plug to the sockets. If you do your own wiring on the inside, use black for hot/positive and white for neutral/negative.
Just remember that black = hot = brass = skinny and white = neutral = gray = fat.

If you have the room to work with them, you want mechanical wire connects for things that are going on mains power even if they're only powering commodity LED bulbs. Don't solder if you can help it, it makes everything more work.
I vastly prefer lever nuts over other types of connectors because they're simple, fast, and reversible. They typically come in 2-conductor, 3-conductor, and 5-conductor varieties. The go-to brand is WAGO, but Ideal also makes perfectly good ones that might be more available locally.
If you're only branching the incoming power 2 ways (e.g. to two sockets), you just need some 3-conductor lever nuts. If your socket fixture has pigtails (attached wires to make connections from instead of screw terminals) you might want some 2-conductor or inline butt connectors also.


If you can't pull the old wiring, you may be able to trace it with a multimeter in "continuity" mode. The center (at the inside bottom) of a lamp socket should be the "hot" wire and the metal screw collar the bulb goes into should be the "neutral." If you use a multimeter and put one probe on the center middle of the socket, try touching the other probe to the other end of the wires and see which one gives you a beep. Label that end as your hot. Etc.

Awesome, thank you! That’s exactly what I was looking for. Series is what I was hoping for, parallel is what I was afraid I’d find. My SOP with old lamps is to always pull and replace the wire, because even if the wire is in good condition, there’s often something funky going on like no underwriter’s knot, or loose connects. Usually the biggest problem with sockets on electrified lamps is that modern ones won’t line up with the existing holes that were cut.
 

Wheels Of Confusion

Ars Legatus Legionis
66,177
Subscriptor
Lever nuts make parallel pretty easy. With a simple 2-socket parallel circuit you could do with two 3-conductor connectors, one for each "side" (hot/neutral) of the circuit. Lamp cord and two wires (white or black) go into them and then the two wires connect to the lamp sockets.

Here's an example I just threw together (something you can do with lever nuts!)


R5Fbevr.jpeg



I have to look that up every single time. You're a gentleman and a scholar for including it in your tutorial.
Same. I started writing it down ON my projects (in a place it can be seen when taking them apart for servicing).

Here's another someone else's picture:

FH00NOV_0209000-wiring-a-plug.jpg
 

Cool Modine

Ars Tribunus Angusticlavius
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I’ve got boxes of 2, 3, and 5 conductor Wagos on hand. First, they’re awesome for small electronics projects and hobby things since they’re so easy to install and uninstall. They’re also great for electrical work around the house, especially when connecting stranded wire to solid. That’s super common when swapping out light fixtures. And the levers are a lot easier to use than wire nuts for adding a pigtail to a wire in a box that had been cut too short.
 

Cool Modine

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Air tank vs electric air pump: Which should I get
21x12x9 inches, 9 lbs: https://www.homedepot.com/p/Califor...t-Portable-Aluminum-Air-Tank-AUX05A/207153637
20x17x13 inches, 13 lbs: https://www.homedepot.com/p/Califor...t-Portable-Aluminum-Air-Tank-AUX10A/207153651
13x10x6 inches, 7 pounds: https://www.homedepot.com/p/DEWALT-...ortable-Inflator-Tool-Only-DCC020IB/305709688

Cost is similar.
I've got plenty of Dewalt tool batteries.
I can fill the air tank from my incredibly loud and inconveniently bulky air compressor.
The air tank can be used in series with the compressor to give me more air capacity.
The Inflator is probably more convenient for filling up tires on the lawn mower, cars, etc... smaller, lighter, grabbing a battery is simpler than filling a tank.
I'm not sure which would be better for filling inflatable pool toys. The tank can probably push a large amount of air faster.
I can run brad/fininish nailers off of the tank.

Does anyone have opinions?
 

Jonathon

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I have the Dewalt tire inflator-- it inflates tires, and it stops when it hits its set point (which seemed fairly accurate-- the digital gauge probably helps here). Haven't used it for other inflatables (don't have a pool, so no pool toys, and I have a separate inflator for things like air mattresses).

A "real" compressor and air tank is probably faster at doing things like inflating tires (or pool toys with a lot of volume to fill)-- if I already owned a compressor, I don't know that I would have bothered with the Dewalt unless the compressor were really inconvenient for filling car tires (in my house, both would end up in the garage, so just as easy to access, probably).

The Dewalt inflator may have killed the first battery I put in it (stupidly left it in the tool, and I suspect it was still drawing a small amount of power after powered off, which over-discharged the battery)-- was able to RMA the battery as it was still new enough for that, but probably don't leave batteries in it if you don't want to replace said batteries.
 
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So here's a bit of a process question.
I find it's instructive to figure out where the error is that is compounding over repetitions and work out a way to cancel it out. For example, if your chop saw is slightly off, make successive cuts in opposite directions to cancel out the error.

Also, try making a jig. Nothing beats a jig.

Avoid the situation where you make a cut templated off the previous cut. That's surely a way to compound errors.

Failing all that, for what you seem to be making, cut slightly long and correct the ends later for fit using some kind of sander. Hard work, but quite traditional.
 

Drizzt321

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I have the Dewalt tire inflator-- it inflates tires, and it stops when it hits its set point (which seemed fairly accurate-- the digital gauge probably helps here). Haven't used it for other inflatables (don't have a pool, so no pool toys, and I have a separate inflator for things like air mattresses).

A "real" compressor and air tank is probably faster at doing things like inflating tires (or pool toys with a lot of volume to fill)-- if I already owned a compressor, I don't know that I would have bothered with the Dewalt unless the compressor were really inconvenient for filling car tires (in my house, both would end up in the garage, so just as easy to access, probably).

The Dewalt inflator may have killed the first battery I put in it (stupidly left it in the tool, and I suspect it was still drawing a small amount of power after powered off, which over-discharged the battery)-- was able to RMA the battery as it was still new enough for that, but probably don't leave batteries in it if you don't want to replace said batteries.
The tire inflators also have a much more specific duty cycle, typically no more than 10-15 minutes on, since they can't dissipate a ton of heat.
 

Carhole

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So here's a bit of a process question. I've started working on a cutting board and everything is always just a little bit off. One piece might be a little longer than it should be or they shift slightly when gluing.
What would you suggest is a good way to get everything back somewhat uniform?

Edit: at this point nothing has been glued yet but I'm just trying to get ahead of the problems I see coming up.
View attachment 84152
You want to batch process every part of an assembly like that. All the maple sawed at once to width, then a stop set for cross-cutting each into a block, etc. checking for square will of course help before you do anything as under the bubble in your combination square looks to be an88 or 89° cross cut. Shit happens too, so make extra parts.
 

Ecmaster76

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I finally had a decent excuse to place an order with McMaster-Carr today

Got to say their search, filters, and specs are magnificent. And when I realized I forgot something, the change order option said they'd get back to me in a few minutes. Which they actually did on a Sunday night with a properly updated invoice 🎉

I definitely wouldn't call the parts "cheap" but for this project it was worth it to get what I needed rather than scrounging around Home Depot/Ace and settling for what they have in store (assuming they can be bothered to stock the bins)
 
McMaster-Carr shows that it is entirely possible to have a massive catalog covering a huge breadth and still be easily browsable (i.e. shopping for ideas, not just searching for what you already know) and even educational. McMaster did at scale what Monoprice and (old) Newegg ever only managed a specialized corner.

If Amazon ever learned to build an e-commerce site like that... but I guess they can't. It takes deep knowledge working with site designers and robust QA and QC. Labor intensive market management rather than algorithmic systems. Maybe AI will be able to do the lift, but then again people may not need to browse for creativity if they have their own AI making up project part lists... (which I for one would welcome some AI assistant making sure I only need to make one trip to the hardware store).
 

Ecmaster76

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Yep. the McMaster-Carr experience is so good that I don't mind paying the prices (usually)
Heh. I did almost get in trouble

I found the perfect machine screw that I needed a decent qty of and went to add it. $10 per box, whatever... !?! One bolt per box!!!

So anyhow I found the almost perfect machine screw and bought that instead